Profile of the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by ELTRA to Strengthen Students’ Problem-Solving Skills in Support of SDG 4: Quality Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63230/jopacbis.2.1.119Keywords:
PBL, Digital Books, Light Waves, Problem SolvingAbstract
Objective: This study aims to analysed senior high school students’ physics problem-solving skills on the topic of Light Waves as a basis for implementing a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by a digital book (ELTRA) in supporting SDG 4: Quality Education. Method: The research employed a qualitative descriptive design using a preliminary survey approach. Data were collected through problem-based essay tests, student response questionnaires, and teacher interviews. The participants were 104 eleventh-grade students from three science classes at MAN 2 Gresik. Students’ test results were analysed using qualitative descriptive analysis based on five indicators of problem-solving skills: visualizing the problem, describing physics concepts, planning solutions, executing plans, and evaluating results. Results: The findings revealed that most students demonstrated low problem-solving skills. A total of 102 students were categorized at a low level (scores 0–40), only two students reached the moderate category (scores 41–70), and none achieved a high level (scores 71–100). These results indicate that students experience difficulties in applying structured problem-solving steps, particularly in planning and executing solutions. Novelty: This study provides an empirical problem-solving profile as a foundational need analysis for developing a PBL model integrated with an ELTRA digital book, specifically designed to support structured physics problem-solving skills and align physics learning innovation with the objectives of SDG 4.
References
Amin, A. K., Degeng, N. S., Setyosari, P., & Djatmika, E. T. (2021). The Effectiveness of Mobile Blended Problem Based Learning on Mathematical Problem Solving. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 15(1), 119-141. https://doi.org/10.3991/IJIM.V15I01.17437
Asiyah, A., Topano, A., & Walid, A. (2021). The Influence of Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Problem Solving Ability and Cognitive Learning Outcomes of Students of SMA Negeri 10 Bengkulu City. EDUKATIF : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(3), 717-727. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i3.263
Asri, I. H., Jampel, I. N., Putu Arnyana, I. B., Suastra, I. W., & Nitiasih, P. K. (2024). Profile of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in Improving Students’ Problem Solving and Critical Thinking Ability. KnE Social Sciences, 9(2), 769–778. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14898
Bates, R., Brenner, B., Schmid, E., Steiner, G., & Vogel, S. (2022). Towards meta–competences in higher education for tackling complex real–world problems – a cross disciplinary review. In International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education Vol. 23 No. 8 pp. 290–308. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-06-2021-0243
Berkat, Setinawati, & Basrowi. (2025). The role of educational management in enhancing innovation and problem-solving competencies for students towards global competitiveness: A literature review. In Social Sciences and Humanities Open (Vol. 11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101280
Dasusmi, K. J., Subarinah, S., Azmi, S., & Arjudin, A. (2024). The Effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model on the Mathematical Problem Solving Ability of Grade IX Students. JagoMIPA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan IPA, 4(3), 590-598. https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v4i3.777
Fadzil, N. (2024). Enhancing Secondary Students’ Problem-Solving Achievement and Behaviour in Linear Algebra: The Impact of the Thinking Aloud Pair Problem-Solving Strategy. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (PJLSS), 22(2), 14536-14546. https://doi.org/10.57239/pjlss-2024-22.2.001045
Firdaus, R., & Pahlevi, T. (2022). The Development of Problem-Based Learning E-Modules on Correspondence Materials. JINOTEP (Jurnal Inovasi Dan Teknologi Pembelajaran): Kajian Dan Riset Dalam Teknologi Pembelajaran, 9(2), 145-157. https://doi.org/10.17977/um031v9i22022p145
Hasugian, S., & Wahyuni, I. (2025). The Effect of Using Problem-Based Learning Physics Learning Modules on Problem Solving in Newton's Laws. SAKOLA: Journal of Sains Cooperative Learning and Law, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.57235/sakola.v2i1.5944
Hidayat, A., Lestari, S., & Putra, A. (2023). Problem-solving competence in the Indonesian independent curriculum framework. International Journal of Instruction, 16(2), 331–348. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16218a
Hidayatullah, Z., Wilujeng, I., Nurhasanah, N., Gusemanto, T. G., & Makhrus, M. (2021). Synthesis of the 21st Century Skills (4C) Based Physics Education Research In Indonesia. JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika), 6(1), 88-97. https://doi.org/10.26737/jipf.v6i1.1889
Houghton, J. (2023). Learning modules: problem-based learning, blended learning and flipping the classroom. Law Teacher, 57(3), 271-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069400.2023.2208017
Indarti, R., & Wiyatmo, Y. (2025). Development Of Stem-Based Pbl Lkpd Assisted By Phet Simulation To Improve Material Mastery And Physics Solving Skills Of High School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 12(1), 90-104. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpf.v12i1.21563
Jaganathan, S., Bhuminathan, S., & Ramesh, M. (2024). Problem-Based Learning - An Overview. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 16(Suppl 2). https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_820_23
Khairani, M., & Arsyad, M. (2024). International Journal of Social Science and Human Research The Effect of STEM Approach and Student ’ s Collaboration Ability on Physics Problem Solving Skill. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 07(03). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i03-22
Kinasih, R. A., Ilmi, R., Carmelia, N., Rizky, A., Prahani, B. K., & Uulaa, R. F. R. (2023). Problem Based Learning Models in Senior High Schools: A Literature Review on Learning Physics. International Journal of Emerging Research and Review, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.56707/ijoerar.v1i3.36
Kinasih, R. A., Prahani, B. K., & Wibowo, F. C. (2023). Profile of Students’ Physics Problem-Solving Skills and Implementation of PBL Model Assisted by 3D Digital Module to Improve Problem Solving Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, 9(2), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.21009/1.09207
Majir, A., Tamur, M., & Sennen, E. (2021). Writing Scientific Papers: Exploring the Difficulties of Madrasah Teachers in Indonesia. Turkish International Journal of Special Education and Guidance & Counselling (TIJSEG), 10(2), 141-151. https://tijseg.org/index.php/tijseg/article/view/144.
Manurung, F., Kartika Waruwu, W., Lubis, M., & Purba, S. (2022). Education In The 21st Century Hots (Higher Order Thinking Skills) In Religious Literacy. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-12-2021.2317252
Meylinda, M., Putri, D. H., & Risdianto, E. (2024). The Effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model Assisted by Canva-Based Animation Media on Physics Learning Outcomes in High School. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 15(2), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.26877/jp2f.v15i2.17871
Miterianifa, M., Ashadi, A., Saputro, S., & Suciati, S. (2021). Higher Order Thinking Skills in the 21st Century: Critical Thinking. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-11-2020.2303766
Muslimin, M., & Purwaningsih, E. (2023). Meta-Analysis: The Effect of PBL-Based Student Worksheets on Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills in Physics. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Sains, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jpms.v11i2.49407
Nicholus, G., Muwonge, C. M., & Joseph, N. (2023). The Role of Problem-Based Learning Approach in Teaching and Learning Physics: A Systematic Literature Review. In F1000Research (Vol. 12). https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.136339.2
Ningsih, W., Prayitno, B. A., & Santosa, S. (2023). The effectiveness of environment-oriented e-books based on problem-based learning for problem-solving skills. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 9(3), 511–520. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v9i3.25603.
Pozuelo-Muñoz, J., Calvo-Zueco, E., Sánchez-Sánchez, E., & Cascarosa-Salillas, E. (2023). Science Skills Development through Problem-Based Learning in Secondary Education. Education Sciences, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13111096
Prahani, B. K., Rizki, I. A., Nisa, K., Citra, N. F., Alhusni, H. Z., & Wibowo, F. C. (2022). Implementation Of Online Problem-Based Learning Assisted By Digital Book With 3d Animations To Improve Student’s Physics Problem-Solving Skills In Magnetic Field Subject. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 12(2), 379-396. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1590
Qotrunnada, N. A., Prahani, B. K., & Pertiwi, N. L. (2023). The effectiveness of using digital books on the problem-solving ability of high school students in physics learning. SAR Journal, 62, 83–88. https://www.sarjournal.com/content/62/SARJournalJune2023_83_88.pdf
Rakhmawati. (2021). Advantages and Disadvantages of Problem Based Learning Models. Social, Humanities, and Education Studies (SHEs): Conference Series.
Safitri, I. D., Setiawan, B., & Mahdiannur, M. A. (2022). Comics Problem-based Learning Model Implementation to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes on Heat and Its Transmission. JPPS (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Sains). https://doi.org/10.26740/jpps.v11n2.p166-179
Saputri, R., Wilujeng, I., Jumadi, J., Nurohman, S., & Purnama, A. Y. (2023). Development of PBL Modul-El to Improve Problem Solving Students of Physics Education Program. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 8376-8382. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.4092
Sibarani, S., Rusmini, R., Mendrofa, R. N., & Hasratuddin, H. (2024). The Influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model Assisted by Learning Videos on Mathematical Problem Solving Ability. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 9(2), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i2.866
Simanjuntak, M. P., Hutahaean, J., Marpaung, N., & Ramadhani, D. (2021). Effectiveness of problem-based learning combined with computer simulation on students’ problem-solving and creative thinking skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 519-534 . https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14330a
Sinaga, Y. E., Darmaji, D., & Kurniawan, D. A. (2025). Efforts to Improve Students' Problem-Solving Skills through the Problem Based Learning Model on Measurement Material in Class X . JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(4), 4528-4532. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i4.7642
Susino, S. A., Destiniar, D., & Sari, E. F. P. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas X SMA. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v8i1.2918
Ummah, N. S., Nadzirin, A., Zahro, F., Prahani, B. K., Siswanto, J., Mubarok, H., Yohannes, A., & Nugroho, Y. S. (2023). Meta-Analysis of Problem Based Learning Models Impact. International Journal of Emerging Research and Review, 1(2), 000004. https://doi.org/10.56707/ijoerar.v1i2.4
Wibowo, F. C., Darman, D. R., Guntara, Y., Nulhakim, L., Prahani, B. K., Kurniawan, B. R., Fatkhomi, F., Siwanto, Prajoko, S., Ahmad, N. J., & Karlin, K. A. A. (2024). Unveil creative thinking in the physics education: Bibliometric analysis and literature review. AIP Conference Proceedings, 3116(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0210197
Widiarini, P., Rapi, N. K., Suastra, I. W., & Suma, K. (2025). Preliminary Study: Problem of High School Physics Learning. Science : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika Dan IPA, 5(1), 131-143. https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v5i1.4430
Wijaya, T. P., Mundilarto, & Wilujeng, I. (2024). Development of Problem Based Learning Collaborative (PBL-C) Physics E-Worksheet to Improve Student Problem Solving and Collaboration Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i1.5284
Worachak, S. P., Damnoen, P. S., & Hong, D. A. C. (2023). Analysis Of Critical Thinking Skills In Problem-Based Learning And Inquiry Learning Models. EduFisika: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 8(3), 286-299. https://doi.org/10.59052/edufisika.v8i3.29442
Yayat Suharyat, Ichsan Ichsan, Tomi Apra Santosa, Sanju Aprilisia, & Sisi Yulianti. (2022). Meta-Analysis Study: The Effectiveness of Problem Solving Learning in Science Learning in Indonesia. International Journal of Education and Literature, 1(3), 06-113. https://doi.org/10.55606/ijel.v1i3.36
Yusra, F., Festiyed, F., Hidayati, H., & Novitra, F. (2022). Creating an E-LKPD Model of Problem Based Learning Integrated with Phet Simulation to Improve High School Students Physics Problem Solving Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 9 (1), 2431–2441. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v9i1.25050
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Psychology and Culture Behavior in SDGs
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
